Two-Dimensional Analysis of Natural Convection and Radiation in Utilidors
Figure 1. Cross sections of two utilidors constructed in the Arctic
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Figure 2. Heat transfer correlations for vertical enclosures
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Figure 3. Cross section of a concentric pipe conduit
Figure 4. Rectangular enclosure configuration of Ghaddar
Figure 5. Experimental configuration of Stewart and Verhulst
Figure 7. Heat transfer equations for pipes in enclosures
Figure 8. Generic utilidors for current utilidor thermal analysis procedure
Table 1. Methods of determining the effective thermal conductivity of an air gap
NUMERICAL MODEL - CR99_070023
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Interpolation functions
Solution procedure
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Radiation
Model verification - CR99_070031
Figure 11. Two-dimensional conduction problem
Figure 12. FECOME results for a vertical square enclosure at Rayleigh number 105
EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURE - CR99_070034
Figure 16. Schematic cross section of the 1-ft 1-ft apparatus
Data acquisition system
Figure 19. Schematic diagram of the 2-ft 4-ft enclosure
Table 6. Locations of thermocouples in the 1-ft 1-ft enclosure
Table 7. Locations of thermocouples in the 2-ft 4-ft enclosure
RESULTS - CR99_070040
General information-continue
Experimental data
Figure 21. Nusselt and Rayleigh number plot for the 4-in. pipe in the 1-ft 1-ft enclosure
Figure 24. Nusselt and Rayleigh number plot for the 2-in. insulated pipe in the 1-ft 1-ft enclosure
Numerical data
Figure 29. Mesh for the 2-ft 2-ft enclosure with two 2-in. pipes
Figure 31. Nusselt and Rayleigh number plot for the insulated 4-in. pipe in the 1-ft 1-ft enclosure
Figure 34. Nusselt and Rayleigh number plot for the 1.27-ft 1.27-t and 2-ft 2-ft enclosures
ANALYSIS - CR99_070049
Figure 38. Heat flux from the 2-in. insulated pipe through the 1-ft 1-ft enclosure
Figure 40. Ratio of effective conductivity to the conductivity of air vs. the average interior temperature (2-in. pipe)
Figure 42. Ratio of effective conductivity to the conductivity of air vs. he average interior temperature (2-in. insulated pipe)
Figure 44. Correlation of pipe radius with intercepts
Table 11. Comparison of effective conductivity correlations
Figure 46. Inside surface temperatures for sq4ib65a
Figure 50. Inside surface temperatures for sq2ic65a
Figure 51. Ratio of effective conductivity to the conductivity of air vs. the average interior temperature
Figure 52. Polynomial curve fits to experimental boundary data
SUMMARY - CR99_070059
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APPENDIX A: EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS
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APPENDIX B: NUMERICAL RESULTS
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Report Documentation Page - CR99_070078
CR99_07
Figure 1. Cross sections of two utilidors constructed in the Arctic
BACKGROUND - CR99_070013
BACKGROUND-continue - CR99_070014
Figure 2. Heat transfer correlations for vertical enclosures
BACKGROUND-continue - CR99_070016
Figure 3. Cross section of a concentric pipe conduit
Figure 4. Rectangular enclosure configuration of Ghaddar
Figure 5. Experimental configuration of Stewart and Verhulst
Figure 7. Heat transfer equations for pipes in enclosures
Figure 8. Generic utilidors for current utilidor thermal analysis procedure
Table 1. Methods of determining the effective thermal conductivity of an air gap
NUMERICAL MODEL - CR99_070023
NUMERICAL MODEL-continue - CR99_070024
NUMERICAL MODEL-continue - CR99_070025
Interpolation functions
Solution procedure
Solution procedure-continue - CR99_070028
Solution procedure-continue - CR99_070029
Radiation
Model verification - CR99_070031
Figure 11. Two-dimensional conduction problem
Figure 12. FECOME results for a vertical square enclosure at Rayleigh number 105
EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURE - CR99_070034
Figure 16. Schematic cross section of the 1-ft 1-ft apparatus
Data acquisition system
Figure 19. Schematic diagram of the 2-ft 4-ft enclosure
Table 6. Locations of thermocouples in the 1-ft 1-ft enclosure
Table 7. Locations of thermocouples in the 2-ft 4-ft enclosure
RESULTS - CR99_070040
General information-continue
Experimental data
Figure 21. Nusselt and Rayleigh number plot for the 4-in. pipe in the 1-ft 1-ft enclosure
Figure 24. Nusselt and Rayleigh number plot for the 2-in. insulated pipe in the 1-ft 1-ft enclosure
Numerical data
Figure 29. Mesh for the 2-ft 2-ft enclosure with two 2-in. pipes
Figure 31. Nusselt and Rayleigh number plot for the insulated 4-in. pipe in the 1-ft 1-ft enclosure
Figure 34. Nusselt and Rayleigh number plot for the 1.27-ft 1.27-t and 2-ft 2-ft enclosures
ANALYSIS - CR99_070049
Figure 38. Heat flux from the 2-in. insulated pipe through the 1-ft 1-ft enclosure
Figure 40. Ratio of effective conductivity to the conductivity of air vs. the average interior temperature (2-in. pipe)
Figure 42. Ratio of effective conductivity to the conductivity of air vs. he average interior temperature (2-in. insulated pipe)
Figure 44. Correlation of pipe radius with intercepts
Table 11. Comparison of effective conductivity correlations
Figure 46. Inside surface temperatures for sq4ib65a
Figure 50. Inside surface temperatures for sq2ic65a
Figure 51. Ratio of effective conductivity to the conductivity of air vs. the average interior temperature
Figure 52. Polynomial curve fits to experimental boundary data
SUMMARY - CR99_070059
LITERATURE CITED - CR99_070060
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APPENDIX A: EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS
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APPENDIX B: NUMERICAL RESULTS
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Report Documentation Page - CR99_070078
CR99_07
