Sensible Heat Flux Measurements Near a Cold Surface
GENERAL REVIEW OF PREVIOUS WORK-continue
THEORETICAL RELATIONS AND METHOD OF ANALYSIS
General equation of motion-continue
Wind structure of the surface boundary layer
Evaluation of φh, φw, and φm
Critical Richardson number
COMPUTATION OF TURBULENT FLUXES
One-level measurement-continue
Figure 2. Ratio of bulk transfer coefficient to its neutral value from diabatic profile theory
Empirical wind functions
Energy balance method
FUNDAMENTALS IN MEASURING SENSIBLE HEAT FLUX BY CORRELATION TECHNIQUES
General problem associated with snow-covered ground
Coverage of frequency intervals-continue
EXPERIMENTAL - CR95_220024
Experimental setup-continue
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION - CR95_220026
Collection and analysis of data
Table 1. Data from test 9107101440, taken in unstable conditions
Table 2. Data from test 9107160815, taken in conditions of near-neutral stability
Table 2. Continued - CR95_220030
Table 2. Continued - CR95_220031
Figure 5. Standard deviations σ w′ (a) and σ u′ (b) as a function of mean wind speed at u2m
Figure 6. Standard deviations σ u′ (a) and σ w′ (b) as a function of friction velocity u*.
Figure 7. Variation of σ u′ , σ w′ and u2m with time (a) over snow and (b) over fluffy snow
Figure 9. Variation of covariance w′ T′ with u2m
Figure 11. Standard deviations σ w′ (a) and σu′ (b) as a function of u2m based on data taken in late fall, winter, and early spring
Figure 13. Covariance w′ T′ as a function of u2m during late fall, winter, and early spring
Figure 15. Variation of σw′ /u* with stability parameter z/L
Sensible heat flux correlation
Sensible heat flux correlation-continue
COMPARISON OF SENSIBLE HEAT FLUX
COMPARISON OF SENSIBLE HEAT FLUX-continue - CR95_220042
COMPARISON OF SENSIBLE HEAT FLUX-continue - CR95_220043
COMPARISON OF SENSIBLE HEAT FLUX-continue - CR95_220044
Figure 17. Influence of elevation on the relative contributions of radiative (open circles) and turbulent (solid circles) energy transfers over snow
CONCLUSIONS - CR95_220046
CONCLUSIONS-continue - CR95_220047
LITERATURE CITED - CR95_220048
LITERATURE CITED-continue - CR95_220049
LITERATURE CITED-continue - CR95_220050
LITERATURE CITED-continue - CR95_220051
Report Documentation Page - CR95_220052
CR95_22
GENERAL REVIEW OF PREVIOUS WORK-continue
THEORETICAL RELATIONS AND METHOD OF ANALYSIS
General equation of motion-continue
Wind structure of the surface boundary layer
Evaluation of φh, φw, and φm
Critical Richardson number
COMPUTATION OF TURBULENT FLUXES
One-level measurement-continue
Figure 2. Ratio of bulk transfer coefficient to its neutral value from diabatic profile theory
Empirical wind functions
Energy balance method
FUNDAMENTALS IN MEASURING SENSIBLE HEAT FLUX BY CORRELATION TECHNIQUES
General problem associated with snow-covered ground
Coverage of frequency intervals-continue
EXPERIMENTAL - CR95_220024
Experimental setup-continue
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION - CR95_220026
Collection and analysis of data
Table 1. Data from test 9107101440, taken in unstable conditions
Table 2. Data from test 9107160815, taken in conditions of near-neutral stability
Table 2. Continued - CR95_220030
Table 2. Continued - CR95_220031
Figure 5. Standard deviations σ w′ (a) and σ u′ (b) as a function of mean wind speed at u2m
Figure 6. Standard deviations σ u′ (a) and σ w′ (b) as a function of friction velocity u*.
Figure 7. Variation of σ u′ , σ w′ and u2m with time (a) over snow and (b) over fluffy snow
Figure 9. Variation of covariance w′ T′ with u2m
Figure 11. Standard deviations σ w′ (a) and σu′ (b) as a function of u2m based on data taken in late fall, winter, and early spring
Figure 13. Covariance w′ T′ as a function of u2m during late fall, winter, and early spring
Figure 15. Variation of σw′ /u* with stability parameter z/L
Sensible heat flux correlation
Sensible heat flux correlation-continue
COMPARISON OF SENSIBLE HEAT FLUX
COMPARISON OF SENSIBLE HEAT FLUX-continue - CR95_220042
COMPARISON OF SENSIBLE HEAT FLUX-continue - CR95_220043
COMPARISON OF SENSIBLE HEAT FLUX-continue - CR95_220044
Figure 17. Influence of elevation on the relative contributions of radiative (open circles) and turbulent (solid circles) energy transfers over snow
CONCLUSIONS - CR95_220046
CONCLUSIONS-continue - CR95_220047
LITERATURE CITED - CR95_220048
LITERATURE CITED-continue - CR95_220049
LITERATURE CITED-continue - CR95_220050
LITERATURE CITED-continue - CR95_220051
Report Documentation Page - CR95_220052
CR95_22
