INTRODUCTION - SR99_080007
EARLY WINTER ICE-FORMATION PERIOD
Flow cutbacks for ice formation at hydroelectric projects
Table 1. Flow conrol for ice cover formation at major hydroelectric projects
Flow cutbacks for ice formation at hydroelectric projects - continued
Early winter flow regulation to control freezeup ice jam flooding
Figure 4. Major waterways with winter navigation in the United States.
Table 2. Major discharge-regulated tributaries of the Upper Mississippi River
Midwinter flow manipulation: Hydroelectric production and ice jam flood control
Midwinter flow manipulation: Hydroelectric production and ice jam flood control - continued
Figure 6. Ice jam at the intakes of the NYPA Niagara Falls Power Project on the Upper Niagara River. (Photo courtesy of P.A.S.N.Y.)
Figure 7. Accumulation of broken ice upstream of Lock and Dam 26, 11 February 1966, Alton, Illinois.
Figure 9. Submergible gate at Peoria Lock and Dam on the Illinois Waterway.
Midwinter flow regulation and fish habitat
Midwinter reservoir levels and ice jam flooding
Figure 11. Aroostook River from Tinker Dam upstream to Fort Fairfield, Maine. (After White and Acone 1995.)
Controlling timing of breakup - SR99_080023
Controlling timing of breakup - SR99_080024
Figure 15. Plan view of the forebay and cross-sectional view of skimmer wall at Safe Harbor Dam, Susquehanna River, Pennsylvania. (After Gemperline and O'Donel 1998.)
CONCLUSIONS - SR99_080026
Table 3. Summary of flow control objectives,methods, and guidance
Table 4. Flow-control objectives; ice-formation period.
Table 6. Flow-control objectives; breakup period.
LITERATURE CITED - SR99_080030
LITERATURE CITED - continued - SR99_080031
REPORT DOCUMENTATION PAGE - SR99_080032
SR99_08
EARLY WINTER ICE-FORMATION PERIOD
Flow cutbacks for ice formation at hydroelectric projects
Table 1. Flow conrol for ice cover formation at major hydroelectric projects
Flow cutbacks for ice formation at hydroelectric projects - continued
Early winter flow regulation to control freezeup ice jam flooding
Figure 4. Major waterways with winter navigation in the United States.
Table 2. Major discharge-regulated tributaries of the Upper Mississippi River
Midwinter flow manipulation: Hydroelectric production and ice jam flood control
Midwinter flow manipulation: Hydroelectric production and ice jam flood control - continued
Figure 6. Ice jam at the intakes of the NYPA Niagara Falls Power Project on the Upper Niagara River. (Photo courtesy of P.A.S.N.Y.)
Figure 7. Accumulation of broken ice upstream of Lock and Dam 26, 11 February 1966, Alton, Illinois.
Figure 9. Submergible gate at Peoria Lock and Dam on the Illinois Waterway.
Midwinter flow regulation and fish habitat
Midwinter reservoir levels and ice jam flooding
Figure 11. Aroostook River from Tinker Dam upstream to Fort Fairfield, Maine. (After White and Acone 1995.)
Controlling timing of breakup - SR99_080023
Controlling timing of breakup - SR99_080024
Figure 15. Plan view of the forebay and cross-sectional view of skimmer wall at Safe Harbor Dam, Susquehanna River, Pennsylvania. (After Gemperline and O'Donel 1998.)
CONCLUSIONS - SR99_080026
Table 3. Summary of flow control objectives,methods, and guidance
Table 4. Flow-control objectives; ice-formation period.
Table 6. Flow-control objectives; breakup period.
LITERATURE CITED - SR99_080030
LITERATURE CITED - continued - SR99_080031
REPORT DOCUMENTATION PAGE - SR99_080032
SR99_08
