2.4
0.2
2.0
0.1
(
0.05
1.6
0.02
1.2
0.01
0.005
0.002
0.001
0.8
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
ξ (cm)
Figure 8. The 10-m, neutral-stability drag coefficient (CDN10) over
Arctic sea ice is related to a parameter that characterizes surface
roughness (ξ) (after Banke et al. 1980).
Figure 9. A 300-m-long snow-surface and ice-surface elevation pro-
file measured on Ice Station Weddell.
0.03
I
Snow Surface
ce Surface
0.02
0.01
0.00
0.01
0.1
1
10
Wavenumber, κ (rad /m)
Figure 10. Snow-surface and ice-surface roughness spectra computed
for the profiles in Figure 9. For the snow-surface spectrum, ξ = 3.7 cm.
17
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