x 103
1.0
0.5
0.0
0.5
Soil Resistivity = 25 ohm-m
1.0
Soil Relaxation Frequency = 6 GHz
Local Wavelet Frequency = 200 MHz
Round Trip Attenuation = 57 dB/m
1.5
0
10
20
30
40
50
Time (ns)
x 104
10
Soil Resistivity = 25 ohm-m
8
Soil Relaxation Frequency = 6 GHz
Local Wavelet Frequency = 330 MHz
6
Round Trip Attenuation = 58 dB
4
2
0
2
4
6
8
0
10
20
30
40
50
Time (ns)
d. Reflections from resistive soil with dielectric relaxation at 6 GHz.
Figure 12 (cont'd). Model 400-MHz wavelets before and after round-trip propa-
gation within 1 m of ground characterized by the soil parameters measured.
The wavelets reflect from an interface for which R = 1 (eq. 6), which only
reverses the phase of the wavelets so that all wavelet distortion and attenu-
ation are due to propagation.
20
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