Figure 23. FRP W-beam test coupons for 19.05-mm (0.75-in.) bolt
pull-out tests.
.
Figure 24. Load-displacement curves from the bolt pull-out test.
Figure 25. Failed specimen
from the bolt pull-out test.
manually. The 12.7-mm (0.5-in.) samples 1
Flexural tests
through 3 were loaded to failure, when fracture
As in the initial tests, flexural tests were con-
occurred at the point of contact with the loading
ducted on all three composite beams shown in
bar. Sample 4, however, was loaded cyclically, first
Figure 26. Four samples (designated as sample 1
to 66.75 kN (15,000 lbf), then unloaded to 1.11 kN
through 4) were prepared from the 12.7-mm- (0.5-
(250 lbf), reloaded to 84,55 kN (19,000 lbf),
in.-) thick beam and one each from the 9.53 mm
unloaded to 1.11 kN (250 lbf), and finally loaded
(0.375 in.) (sample 5) and 6.35 mm (0.25 in.)
to 100.13 kN (22,500 lbf), when it severely cracked
(sample 6) beams. The three-point test configura-
but continued to deflect to 43.18 mm (1.7 in.).
tion is shown in Figure 27. The load was applied
During loading, low-level cracking noise was
using the screw testing machine, as in the initial
heard in each of the four samples. The load
tests. The loads and deflections were recorded
20
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