U.S. Std. Sieve Size and No.
Hydrometer
3
4
4
10
40
200
100
Mn DOT Class 4 Spec.
80
60
40
Albany, TW A
Subbase
20
0
10
1.0
0.1
0.01
0.001
Grain Size (mm)
Gravel
Sand
a. Albany, New York, taxiway A sub-
Silt or Clay
C'rse
Fine
C'rse
Medium
Fine
base/class 4 special subbase.
U.S. Std. Sieve Size and No.
Hydrometer
3
200
40
10
4
4
100
Mn DOT Class 5 Spec.
80
60
40
Dense Graded
Stone
20
0
0.01
0.1
1.0
10
0.001
Grain Size (mm)
b. Dense-graded stone, Winchendon,
Gravel
Sand
Silt or Clay
C'rse Medium
Fine
C'rse
Fine
Massachusetts/class 5 special subbase.
Figure 3. Comparison of Mn/DOT specifications with size gradations of substitute materials.
frozen from the top down at 2.5 cm (1 in.) per day
ing had been based on characterizing the moisture
with open system freezing. This procedure differs
level of the unfrozen material with the measured
moisture tension. The data were reanalyzed using
from the current study in that the specimens were
degree of saturation as the indicator of moisture
not saturated prior to freezing. Another difference
condition.
in this prior testing is the sequence of stresses
applied to the specimens (Table 4). In this case
also, the stress combinations applied were those
DATA REDUCTION
that would avoid excessive permanent strains in
AND ANALYSIS
the specimens (5% axial length shortening).
The previous regression analysis of the resil-
For each set of applied deviator and confining
ient modulus data obtained from this earlier test-
stresses, the resilient and permanent axial and ra-
7
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