Figure
9. Mean-ionic activity coefficient of NaCl(aq) as function of temperature .........
14
10. Mean-ionic activity coefficient of NaCl(aq) as function of molality .................
15
11. Phase diagram for NaCl-H2O system ....................................................................
17
12. Phase diagram for CaCl2-H2O system ...................................................................
17
13. Phase diagram for seawater ....................................................................................
18
14. Molar volume of hexagonal ice under 1 atm pressure at temperatures
near its melting point ..........................................................................................
19
15. The similarity of capillary water of unsaturated, unfrozen soils and unfrozen
water in saturated, frozen soils. .........................................................................
21
TABLE
Table
1. Coefficients to Speedy's empirical equation for calculating heat capacity,
thermal expansivity, compressibility, and viscosity of supercooled water
5
iv
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