samples were air-freighted on "blue ice" in Igloo
greater than 1.0 cm were excluded from the test
coolers from Shemya to Anchorage on 28 January,
samples. Four sets of hydraulic conductivity
stored in a freezer overnight, and then shipped
measurements were made on each sample. The
on 29 January via Federal Express to the U.S.
test measures one-dimensional laminar flow of
Army Corps of Engineers Environmental Labora-
water within saturated porous materials. This
test assumes hydraulic conductivity is unaffected
tory in Hubbardston, Massachusetts (henceforth
by hydraulic gradient. The following procedures
to be called the Environmental Lab), where they
were used to freeze the samples. The compacted
arrived on 31 January. Total petroleum hydrocar-
soil samples used to determine the hydraulic con-
bons (THP) (as diesel) was determined using EPA
ductivity of unfrozen soil were placed in a cold-
Methods 3550/8015M (USEPA 1992). Toxic Char-
room. Two cold plates, one at the bottom and
acteristic Leaching Procedure (TCLP) extracts for
another at the top of the test sample, were posi-
TPH were done using EPA Methods 1311/8015M.
tioned. Vermiculite was used as insulating mate-
Volatile organics were determined using EPA
rial around the test sample. Temperatures of the
Method 8260. TCLP extracts for volatile organics
test samples were kept at 3C for one night. Tem-
were done using EPA Methods 1311/8260.
peratures of 0 and 6.1C were maintained for
Samples from the Oil-Water Separator Pond
the next 18 hr at the bottom and top of the sample,
Sediment, the Cell 21 Oiled Peat, and the Fire
respectively. Then temperatures at the bottom
Training Pit were collected, DCR-treated in the
and top of the specimen were maintained at 0C
portable field laboratory using an Eirich mixer,
and 10C for an additional 5 hours. These tem-
and analyzed by Commercial Testing & Engineer-
peratures at the bottom and top of the sample
ing Company in Anchorage, Alaska. TPH (as die-
were further lowered to 3C and 12C, respec-
sel) was analyzed using EPA Methods 3510/
tively, for an additional 24 hours. For thawing the
3550/8100M; vapor phase hydrocarbons were
samples, temperatures were raised to 3C and
analyzed using EPA Methods 5030/8015M/8020;
4C at the bottom and top of the cell for 24 hours.
and BTEX constituents (benzene, toluene, ethyl-
The gravimetric water content of DCR-treated
benzene, and xylenes) were analyzed using EPA
asphalt tar samples was determined by heating at
Method 8020. TCLP extracts (EPA Method 1311)
105C for 24 hours (ASTM Method D221690).
were used to measure the leachability of TPH and
These tests were performed in a field laboratory
BTEX constituents.
at the treatment site. Three soil samples were
drawn from the untreated asphalt tar material,
Rocky Mt. Arsenal study
and four samples were drawn from different
Four separate 15-gal. (56.7-L) drums contain-
batches of field DCR-treated asphalt tar material.
ing representative soil samples were transported
In addition, three replicate samples were taken
under full chain of custody to SOUND/epic.
from the laboratory DCR-treated batches.
Upon initial receipt, each sample was further
Temperatures of the DCR-treated asphalt tar
homogenized and examined to assess handling
material were measured in the field with copper-
and physical characteristics. An aliquot of each
constantan thermocouples that were fabricated
was removed for hexane extraction and gravi-
and tested at CRREL. Four thermocouples, each
metric determinations of oil and grease and total
separated by 30 cm, were attached to a wooden
petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH). The extracts
stick. Two wooden sticks with eight thermocoup-
were then further characterized by flame ioniza-
les were embedded horizontally into an un-
tion detector (FID) gas chromatography (GC) to
treated asphalt tar pile or a DCR-treated pile. Air
determine total resolved hydrocarbons and the
temperatures were measured at a 2-m height
approximate molecular weight range (distillate
above the ground with unshielded thermocoup-
cut fraction) of any petroleum-type constituents
les. Data were logged every minute with a data-
in the sample. Electron capture detector (ECD)
logger (model CR10, Campbell Scientific).
GC was then used to screen for pesticides.
Asphalt tar-soil samples for chemical analyses
Based on the chromatograms of the four sam-
were collected in quality certified (QC) glass jars
ples, we selected the most contaminated soil
and stored outdoors (5 to 1C) until ready for
("soil-amended Basin F sludge") for all subse-
shipment. Five untreated samples were collected
quent work (Payne and Marion, in press). It was
around the excavated tar pile on 27 January 1994.
known that the majority of the contamination
Five treated samples were collected during the
originated in the Basin F Liquid (Table 2), and for
DCR operation on 2728 January. These chemical
this reason as well, this sample was selected. In
5
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