Performance data from Mn/ROAD will allow us
Table 8. Constants for unfrozen mois-
ture content equations (expressed as a
to verify/modify the procedure to better predict
percentage).
time to failure of pavement systems.
α
β
Material
LITERATURE CITED
Subgrade
1171 (563)
10.038
0.250
American Association of State Highway and
1193 (564)
9.285
0.369
Transportation Officials (AASHTO) (1990)
1206 (565)
11.085
0.274
1232 (566)
8.121
0.303
Standard specifications for transportation materi-
als and methods of sampling and testing, Part 1.
Class 3
Specifications.
Stockpile
1.497
0.709
American Society of Testing and Materials
Class 4
(ASTM) (1985) ASTM D 422-63, Standard method
Taxiway A
3.0*
0.25*
for particle-size analysis of soils. 1985 Annual
subbase
Book of ASTM Standards, Section 4: Construc-
Class 5
tion, Vol. 04.08, Soil and Rock: Building Stones.
Dense-graded
2.0*
0.4*
American Society of Testing and Materials
stone
(ASTM) (1985) ASTM D 854-83, Standard test
method for specific gravity of soils. 1985 Annual
Class 6
Book of ASTM Standards, Section 4: Construc-
Stockpile
+ No. 30
0.232
1.461
tion, Vol. 04.08, Soil and Rock: Building Stones.
No. 30
0.567
1.115
American Society of Testing and Materials
(ASTM) (1985) ASTM D 2487-83, Standard meth-
*Estimated; no data available
od for classification of soils for engineering pur-
poses. 1985 Annual Book of ASTM Standards,
Unfrozen moisture content data are not avail-
Section 4: Construction, Vol. 04.08, Soil and Rock:
able for the substitute materials, so constants to
Building Stones.
approximate their behavior were estimated. Table
American Society of Testing and Materials
8 lists the constants originally estimated for these
(ASTM) (1985) ASTM D 4318-84, Standard test
materials by Cole et al. (1986, 1987); we continue
method for liquid limit, plastic limit, and plastic-
their use.
ity index of soils. 1985 Annual Book of ASTM
Note that the subgrade samples contained ap-
Standards, Section 4: Construction, Vol. 04.08,
proximately 5% unfrozen moisture at tempera-
Soil and Rock: Building Stones.
tures below 2C; the class 3 special and class 6
American Society of Testing and Materials
special materials contained less than 1% unfrozen
(ASTM) (1987) ASTM D 2974-87 Test method
moisture at these temperatures.
for moisture, ash, and organic matter of peat and
other organic soils. 1987 Annual Book of ASTM
Standards, Section 4: Construction, Vol. 04.08,
Soil and Rock: Building Stones.
CONCLUSIONS
Berg, R.L., S.R. Bigl, J.A. Stark and G.D. Durell
This report has described the results of labora-
(1996) Resilient modulus testing of materials
tory testing conducted to determine the physical
from Mn/ROAD, Phase 1. USA Cold Regions
and behavioral characteristics of materials believed
Research and Engineering Laboratory, Special
to represent those that will be incorporated into
Report 96-19, Mn/DOT Report 96-21.
the Mn/ROAD Research Facility. We can use our
Bigl, S.R. and R.L. Berg (1996a) Modeling of
full understanding of these characteristics to pre-
Mn/ROAD test sections with the CRREL mecha-
dict the behavior of these materials with the Mecha-
nistic pavement design procedure. USA Cold Re-
nistic Pavement Design Procedure under de
gions Research and Engineering Laboratory, Spe-
velopment at CRREL (Bigl and Berg 1996a).
cial Report 96-21, Mn/DOT Report 96-22.
19
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