Form Approved
REPORT DOCUMENTATION PAGE
OMB No. 0704-0188
Public reporting burden for this collection of information is estimated to average 1 hour per response, including the time for reviewing instructions, searching existing data sources, gathering and
maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing the collection of information. Send comments regarding this burden estimate or any other aspect of this collection of information,
including suggestion for reducing this burden, to Washington Headquarters Services, Directorate for Information Operations and Reports, 1215 Jefferson Davis Highway, Suite 1204, Arlington,
VA 22202-4302, and to the Office of Management and Budget, Paperwork Reduction Project (0704-0188), Washington, DC 20503.
1. AGENCY USE ONLY (Leave blank)
2. REPORT DATE
3. REPORT TYPE AND DATES COVERED
October 1997
4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE
5. FUNDING NUMBERS
Ice Strength as a Function of Hydrostatic Pressure and Temperature
PE: 6.27.84A
PR: 4A762784AT42
WP: 201
6. AUTHORS
WU: CA-D13
Anatoly M. Fish and Yuri K. Zaretsky
7. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES)
8. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION
REPORT NUMBER
U.S. Army Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory
72 Lyme Road
CRREL Report 97-6
Hanover, New Hampshire 03755-1290
9. SPONSORING/MONITORING AGENCY NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES)
10. SPONSORING/MONITORING
AGENCY REPORT NUMBER
Office of the Chief of Engineers
Washington, D.C. 20314-1000
11. SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES
For conversion of SI units to non-SI units of measurement, consult ASTM Standard E380-93, Standard Practice for Use of the
International System of Units, published by the American Society for Testing and Materials, 1916 Race St., Philadelphia, Pa.
19103.
12a. DISTRIBUTION/AVAILABILITY STATEMENT
12b. DISTRIBUTION CODE
Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.
Available from NTIS, Springfield, Virginia 22161
13. ABSTRACT (Maximum 200 words)
A temperature model has been developed that describes the ice strength in a multiaxial stress state over a wide
spectrum of negative temperatures. The model takes into account the anomalous behavior of ice under high
hydrostatic pressure, when its strength reaches a maximum, and then gradually decreases with the pressure
increase. It has been shown that strength of ice under high hydrostatic pressure is described by a parabolic yield
criterion with only three fundamental parameters, ice cohesion, internal friction angle, and ice melting pressure,
which all have a definite physical meaning and are functions of temperature. The model has been verified using
test data on the strength of iceberg ice and laboratory-made polycrystalline freshwater ice under triaxial
compression at strain rates between 103 and 105 s1 over the temperature range between 1 and 40C.
14. SUBJECT TERMS
15. NUMBER OF PAGES
23
Freshwater ice
Temperature model
16. PRICE CODE
Ice melting pressure
Triaxial compression tests
17. SECURITY CLASSIFICATION
18. SECURITY CLASSIFICATION
19. SECURITY CLASSIFICATION
20. LIMITATION OF ABSTRACT
OF REPORT
OF THIS PAGE
OF ABSTRACT
UNCLASSIFIED
UNCLASSIFIED
UNCLASSIFIED
UL
Standard Form 298 (Rev. 2-89)
NSN 7540-01-280-5500
Prescribed by ANSI Std. Z39-18
298-102
Previous Page
