Form Approved
REPORT DOCUMENTATION PAGE
OMB No. 0704-0188
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this burden to Department of Defense, Washington Headquarters Services, Directorate for Information Operations and Reports (0704-0188), 1215 Jefferson Davis Highway, Suite 1204, Arlington, VA 22202-4302.
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OMB control number. PLEASE DO NOT RETURN YOUR FORM TO THE ABOVE ADDRESS.
1. REPORT DATE (DD-MM-YY)
2. REPORT TYPE
3. DATES COVERED (From - To)
February 2001
Technical Report
4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE
5a. CONTRACT NUMBER
5b. GRANT NUMBER
Design of Freezing Bed for Sludge Dewatering at McMurdo, Antarctica
5c. PROGRAM ELEMENT NUMBER
6. AUTHOR(S)
5d. PROJECT NUMBER
C. James Martel
5e. TASK NUMBER
5f. WORK UNIT NUMBER
7. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES)
8. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION REPORT
NUMBER
U.S. Army Engineer Research and Development Center
Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory
72 Lyme Road
ERDC/CRREL TR-01-3
Hanover, New Hampshire 03755-1290
9. SPONSORING/MONITORING AGENCY NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES)
10. SPONSOR / MONITOR'S ACRONYM(S)
National Science Foundation
4201 Wilson Boulevard
Arlington, VA 22230
11. SPONSOR / MONITOR'S REPORT
NUMBER(S)
12. DISTRIBUTION / AVAILABILITY STATEMENT
Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.
Available from NTIS, Springfield, Virginia 22161.
13. SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES
14. ABSTRACT
This report contains a design analysis for a freezing bed for sewage sludge at McMurdo Station, Antarctica. This
analysis indicates that all the sludge produced by the proposed wastewater treatment plant at McMurdo could be
dewatered in a 10- by 16-m by 2-m-deep freezing bed. Sludge would be frozen by pumping it into the bed in 8- to
10-cm layers during the months of March through September. The total depth of frozen sludge by the end of this
period is estimated to be 1.5 m. This sludge would be thawed and drained during the austral summer months of
October through January. The sludge would be removed and the bed would be reconditioned during February. The
sludge would be thawed with solar radiation and waste heat from the effluent. Installation of the freezing bed would
reduce operation and maintenance costs by 98% compared to a conventional belt press.
15. SUBJECT TERMS
Freezing bed
Sludge dewatering
McMurdo waste treatment
Sludge freezing
16. SECURITY CLASSIFICATION OF:
17. LIMITATION OF
18. NUMBER
19a. NAME OF RESPONSIBLE PERSON
OF ABSTRACT
OF PAGES
a. REPORT
b. ABSTRACT
c. THIS PAGE
19b. TELEPHONE NUMBER (include area code)
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Standard Form 298 (Rev. 8-98)
Prescribed by ANSI Std. 239.18
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