Form Approved
REPORT DOCUMENTATION PAGE
OMB No. 0704-0188
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OMB control number. PLEASE DO NOT RETURN YOUR FORM TO THE ABOVE ADDRESS.
1. REPORT DATE (DD-MM-YY)
2. REPORT TYPE
3. DATES COVERED (From - To)
September 2001
Technical Report
4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE
5a. CONTRACT NUMBER
5b. GRANT NUMBER
Capillary Tension in Rotting Ice Layers
5c. PROGRAM ELEMENT NUMBER
6. AUTHOR(S)
5d. PROJECT NUMBER
61102/AT24
5e. TASK NUMBER
Rachel E. Jordan and Jeffrey A. Stark
5f. WORK UNIT NUMBER
AT24-SP-001
7. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES)
8. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION REPORT
NUMBER
U.S. Army Engineer Research and Development Center
Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory
72 Lyme Road
ERDC/CRREL TR-01-13
Hanover, NH 03755-1290
9. SPONSORING/MONITORING AGENCY NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES)
10. SPONSOR / MONITOR'S ACRONYM(S)
Department of Defense
11. SPONSOR / MONITOR'S REPORT
Washington, D.C. 20314
NUMBER(S)
12. DISTRIBUTION / AVAILABILITY STATEMENT
Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.
Available from NTIS, Springfield, Virginia 22161.
13. SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES
14. ABSTRACT
This study examines the moisturetension constituent relationship of ice near 0C by measuring its moisture characteristic curve. In this
novel approach, we held ice samples in a Tempe cell submerged in a cold bath and removed water from the ice veins through incremental
increases in air pressure. Observed air entry and water re-entry pressures generally support an idealized flow path model of alternating vein
segments and nodes. Re-entry of water into the air-filled ice samples occurred slowly over a period of weeks, suggesting low permeabilities
on the order of 1 1018 m2. We conclude that ice desaturates and rewets in a manner similar to soils, with entry pressures on the order of
silts.
15. SUBJECT TERMS
Melting temperature
Capillary tension
Permeability
Ice
16. SECURITY CLASSIFICATION OF:
17. LIMITATION OF
18. NUMBER
19a. NAME OF RESPONSIBLE PERSON
OF ABSTRACT
OF PAGES
a. REPORT
b. ABSTRACT
c. THIS PAGE
19b. TELEPHONE NUMBER (include area code)
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Standard Form 298 (Rev. 8-98)
Prescribed by ANSI Std. 239.18
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