Table 4. Average time to germination (Atg in days)
water content in the upper soil surface is only
of Festuca cultivars as influenced by temperature.
available for a short time. Brar and Palazzo
(1995b) emphasized that screening of turfgrass for
Atg
rapid root development is important for both
10C
15C
20C 25C
30C
Cultivar
Mean
quicker establishment and long-term persistence
Jasper
13.4
9.2
7.6
6.4
6.8
8.7
for disturbed soils and adverse climatic
Clemfine
12.5
9.3
8.0
6.8
6.3
8.6
conditions.
Jamestown
13.3
8.6
8.9
6.8
8.6
9.0
Average time to germination decreased as tem-
Reliant
13.5
8.6
8.5
6.5
6.8
8.8
perature increased from 10 to 15C (Table 4). The
Azay
14.8
10.0
7.9
7.4
7.3
9.5
mean Atg was greatest at 10C and lowest at 30C.
Spartan
15.5
8.9
8.2
6.3
7.2
9.3
Tribute
14.1
9.8
8.0
6.9
6.6
9.1
Clemfine and Jasper were among the cultivars
Victory
14.6
9.9
8.9
8.5
7.2
9.8
with lowest Atg at each temperature. The poor
Cindy
12.4
9.0
8.5
8.2
8.6
9.3
germinator (Arctared RF) had a greater Atg than
Dawson
14.4
10.8
8.5
8.6
7.5
9.9
the other 10 cultivars. For 80% or more of the
Arctared
25.0
14.2
12.1
11.7
10.5
14.7
seeds to germinate required an Atg of 14 d at 10C,
LSD* (0.05)
1.1
1.3
1.4
1.1
1.0
0.5
Mean
14.9
9.9
8.6
7.6
7.5
9 d at 15C, 8 d at 20C, and 7 d at 25 or 30C.
LSD (0.05) = 0.3
* Least-square differences at <0.05 according to Student-
Newman-Keuls test.
100
80
b0 = 197.3
b1 = 12.7
60
r2 = 0.91
n = 11
40
20
0
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
Average Time to Germination (days)
Figure 2. Relationship of mean germination and average time to germination.
100
b0 = 200.5
80
b1 = 0.93
r2 = 0.66
n = 11
60
40
20
0
120
140
160
180
200
Heat Units (C days)
Figure 3. Relationship of mean germination and heat units.
4
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