Table 3. Mean final germination percentage of Festuca cultivars as influenced by temperature at 28 days.
Germination (%)
Germination (%)
10C
15C 20C 25C 30C
10C
15C 20C 25C 30C
Cultivar
Mean
Cultivar
Mean
Jasper
89
93
87
93
86
89
Victory
81
66
69
75
76
73
Clemfine
94
94
88
89
96
93
Cindy
92
92
55
43
27
60
Jamestown
94
92
83
88
77
86
Dawson
57
66
74
72
70
68
Reliant
78
87
92
87
95
88
Arctared
0
15
14
17
14
12
Azay
57
97
87
87
93
84
LSD* (0.05)
11
7
11
11
8
4
Spartan
79
88
77
83
72
80
Mean
71
80
73
74
72
Tribute
64
91
84
84
90
82
LSD (0.05) = 3
* Least-square differences at p <0.05 according to StudentNewmanKeuls test.
100
in the field than those with a highly
10C
80
specific temperature requirement. Clem-
60
fine TF was most vigorous in germin-
Arctared
40
ation among all the cultivars evaluated
Cindy
because it exhibited the highest ger-
Clemfine
20
mination percentage over a broad range
100
of temperatures. Brar and Palazzo
15C
80
(1995a) reported that Clemfine TF had
60
more rapid root development, grew
faster, and transpired more water than
40
Reliant HF. Cultivars Cindy CRF and
20
Victory CF are temperature-specific and
100
performed well at lower temperatures.
20C
80
The cultivars Reliant HF, Azay SF, and
Tribute TF were poor germinators at
60
10C but performed better between 15
40
and 30C.
20
Germination time response curves for
100
Arctared RF, Cindy CRF, and Clemfine
25C
TF at all the temperatures studied re-
80
vealed the magnitude of interactions
60
between cultivars and indicated that
40
temperature strongly influenced germi-
20
nation (Fig. 1). At 10C, Clemfine TF and
Cindy CRF had their greatest germina-
100
tion percentage within 11 to 13 days.
30C
80
However, Arctared did not germinate at
60
10C. At 15C, again Clemfine and
40
Cindy reached >80% germination at 10
20
d, while at the same time Arctared had
0
9% germination. Similarly, Clemfine
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
exceeded 80% germination by 9 d at
Days After Imbibing
20C, 7 d at 25C, and 6 d at 30C. Con-
Figure 1. Germination trends for Festuca cultivars as influenced
versely, Cindy and Arctared failed to
by temperature and time after imbibing.
reach even 60% germination at higher
germinators (Table 3). Clemfine TF had the great-
temperatures. In regions where lower tempera-
est germination percentage, followed by Jasper
tures exist at planting, rapidly germinating culti-
RF. The lowest germination percentage was
vars such as Clemfine TF, Jamestown CF, and
recorded for Arctared RF.
Jasper RF may be best (Table 3). In addition, an
Cultivars that germinate over a relatively wide
early high germination rate may allow rapid
range of temperatures may be easier to establish
establishment on poorer sandy soils where the
3
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