70,000
RTX-5
60,000
Sample #122
50,000
40,000
30,000
20,000
10,000
0
5
7
9
11
13
15
3
17
Time (min.)
Figure 7. GC-ECD chromatogram from a soil sample collected at the Fort
Lewis hand grenade range.
lion) in at least one sample. RDX, TNT, and 4-
ADNT were detected in every sample analyzed
1,100
from the Fort Lewis grenade range. RDX, TNT,
1,260
1,630
and HMX were consistently found at the high-
est concentrations with maximum values of
1,940
51,200 g/kg, 75,200 g/kg, and 10,100 g/kg,
Surface: 1,690
at 10 cm: 684
at 15 cm: 626
respectively. A GC-ECD chromatogram for an
28,000
1,750
at 23 cm: 775
at 30 cm: 234
extract of one of the surface soils from the hand
424
grenade range is shown in Figure 7. Diagrams
showing the concentrations of RDX, TNT, and
51,200-864
24,700-243
HMX for these samples are shown in Figures 8,
9, and 10.
27,700-7,390
2,530-179
For the surface/10-cm-depth sample pairs,
1,380-186
1,050-261
the concentrations were consistently higher in
1,030-187
surface samples than in samples collected at the
10-cm depth. Because in neither case were the
503-202
6,230-97
values normally distributed, for the following
1,660-117
316-107
discussion we will use ranges and median values
for each analyte, rather than means and stan-
1,640-369
1,730-385
dard deviations. For example, the range of con-
990-235
11,900-76
centrations of RDX for surface soil samples was
689-86
316 to 51,200 g/kg with a median concentra-
tion of 1,560 g/kg, while the range of values
for the 10-cm samples was 76 to 7,390 g/kg
Key
with a median value of 195 g/kg.
surface
at 10 cm
(1st value)
(2nd value)
Likewise, the range of surface concentrations
of TNT was 51 to 75,100 g/kg with a median
Samples Collected
2.5 m
value of 543 g/kg. At 10 cm, TNT concentra-
tions ranged from 12 to 2,060 g/kg with a
RDX (g/kg)
median value of 56 g/kg. Surface concentra-
Fort Lewis
tions of HMX ranged from 172 to 10,100 g/kg
Grenade Range #3
with a median concentration of 728 g/kg while
6.2 m
2.3 m
at 10 cm, HMX concentrations ranged from <1
Figure 8. Concentrations of RDX for soil samples collected
to 1,540 g/kg with a median concentration of
at the hand grenade range at Fort Lewis, Washington.
12
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