Table 2. Certified reporting limits (g/L) for HPLC methods and
water quality criteria.
Certified reporting limits (g/L)
HPLC
Cartridge
Cartridge
Disk
Criteria
(g/L)
SPE1
Salting-out2
SPE2
SPE2
GC3
HMX
0.30
0.19
0.21
0.33
6
400*
RDX
0.29
0.13
0.27
0.12
0.3
2.0*
TNB
0.45
0.052
0.042
0.051
DNB
0.15
0.081
0.032
0.036
1.0*
Tetryl
2.49
0.20
0.24
0.83
TNT
0.086
0.068
0.13
0.06
2.0*
2-Am-DNT
0.16
0.10
0.046
0.055
50*, 0.1†
2,4-DNT
0.064
0.083
0.085
0.044
0.04
40*, 0.007†
2,6-DNT
0.074
0.003
o-NT
0.41
0.13
0.10
0.20
p-NT
0.62
0.22
0.12
0.23
m-NT
1.4
0.21
0.13
0.37
*EPA Lifetime Health Advisory number
† EPA number for increased cancer risk of 1.0 106
1Winslow et al. 1991
2Jenkins et al. 1994
3Hable et al. 1991
Table 3. Summary of GC methods for the determination of explosives in water.
Analytes
Samples
Sample preparation
GC column
Injector
Detector
180C
TNT, 2,4-DNT,
Solvent extraction with
Packed columns:
ECD
Am-DNTs1
benzene
OV-101 and
SP-2250/SP-2401
180C
DNTs2
Effluent and seawater
Solvent extraction with
20-m SCOT glass
ECD
benzene
coated with
Apiezon L grease
FID,* MS†
TNT, DNTs, NTs,
TNT wastewater
Solvent extraction with
60-m SE-30 for FID,
temp not
Am-DNTs, DNA,
diethyl-ether
packed column
reported
other nitroaromatics3
for MS
190C
TNT, DNT, tetryl, RDX4
Drinking water
Solvent extraction with toluene
8.5-m DB-1
ECD
40C on column
TNT, DNT, RDX5
SPE with XAD-4, ethyl
30-m DB-5
ECD
acetate elution
RDX6
Evaporation of water,
DB-5/30N
not reported
ECD
analyte dissolution in acetone
NB, DNB, NTs, DNTs,
Surface water
Compared solvent extraction
30-m DB-17 and
not reported
ECD, TEA**,
other nitroaromatics7
with dichloromethane to SPE
OV-225, DB-5
and MS
with Amberlite XAD-2, -4, and
for MS
-8, C18, phenyl, and cyano
phases and dichloromethane
elution. Solvent exchanged to
methanol.
270C, direct
TNT, DNTs, RDX, HMX8
Drinking water
Solvent extraction with toluene
4.5-m DB-1301,
ECD
and iso-amyl acetate
6-m DB-1
injection and
on-column
ECD, NPD††,
TNT, DNTs, NTs,
Wastewater, ground-
Solvent extraction with toluene
30-m DB-5
on-column and
Am-DNTs, Am-NTs,
water, surface water
or dichloromethane and SPE
split/splitless,
and MS
nitrophenols and
with C18, ethyl acetate elution
temp not reported
numerous other analytes9
210C, split/
NB, DNTs10
Lake water
Solid-phase microextraction
25-m CBP-10
FID
(SPME)
splitless
6Haas et al. (1990)
1Pereira et al. (1979)
* Flame-ionization detector
† Mass spectrometer
7Feltes et al. (1990)
2Hashimoto et al. (1980)
8Hable et al. (1991)
3Spanggord et al. (1982)
** Thermal energy analyzer
9Levsen et al. (1993)
†† Nitrogen-phosphorus detector
4Belkin et al. (1985)
10Jang-Yeun Horng and Shang-Da Huang (1994)
5Richard and Junk (1986)
3
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