Every Year
Man
Missouri River Division
Flood Control Strructures
Powerplant Water Intakes
Municipal Water Intakes
Hydropower
Navigation Traffic
Navigational Structures
Navigational Locks
0
20
40
60
80
North Central Division
Flood Control Strructures
Powerplant Water Intakes
Municipal Water Intakes
Hydropower
Navigation Traffic
Navigational Structures
Navigational Locks
0
20
40
60
80
North Pacific Division
Flood Control Strructures
Figure 5. Ice impacts by Division (as of 1995).
during freezeup alone (38%) and during both
jams are often more spectacular than freezeup
freezeup and breakup (39%), and less frequently
jams, ice data collection instruments should clearly
during breakup alone (23%). Of the three most fre-
be developed for both freezeup and breakup con-
ditions.
quently affected operations or structures (flood
control structures, navigation traffic, and naviga-
tion locks [Fig. 5]), navigation traffic and locks are
Data storage and retrieval
impacted more often during freezeup periods,
The last part of the survey concerned the meth-
while flood control structures are impacted by
ods used by various USACE offices to store ice
data. Apparently, most data storage is still in pa-
freezeup and breakup conditions about equally.
Two Divisions (as of 1995) reported that power
per form, and relatively few users store informa-
plant water intakes are impacted by ice every year,
tion in digital form on computers. This can be at-
during freezeup in the Missouri River Division
tributed largely to the needs of the data collector.
and during both freezeup and breakup in the
For instance, a lock operator may have little use
for rapid access to information on previous years'
North Central Division. Although breakup ice
9
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