Form Approved
REPORT DOCUMENTATION PAGE
OMB No. 0704-0188
Public reporting burden for this collection of information is estimated to average 1 hour per response, including the time for reviewing instructions, searching existing data sources, gathering and maintaining the
data needed, and completing and reviewing this collection of information. Send comments regarding this burden estimate or any other aspect of this collection of information, including suggestions for reducing
this burden to Department of Defense, Washington Headquarters Services, Directorate for Information Operations and Reports (0704-0188), 1215 Jefferson Davis Highway, Suite 1204, Arlington, VA 22202-4302.
Respondents should be aware that notwithstanding any other provision of law, no person shall be subject to any penalty for failing to comply with a collection of information if it does not display a currently valid
OMB control number. PLEASE DO NOT RETURN YOUR FORM TO THE ABOVE ADDRESS.
1. REPORT DATE (DD-MM-YY)
2. REPORT TYPE
3. DATES COVERED (From - To)
August 2002
Technical Report
4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE
5a. CONTRACT NUMBER
5b. GRANT NUMBER
Evaluation of New Sensors for
Emergency Management
5c. PROGRAM ELEMENT NUMBER
6. AUTHOR(S)
5d. PROJECT NUMBER
5e. TASK NUMBER
Robert Bolus and Andrew Bruzewicz
5f. WORK UNIT NUMBER
7. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES)
8. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION REPORT
NUMBER
U.S. Army Engineer Research and Development Center
Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory
72 Lyme Road
ERDC/CRREL TR-02-11
Hanover, NH 03755-1290
9. SPONSORING/MONITORING AGENCY NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES)
10. SPONSOR / MONITOR'S ACRONYM(S)
Office of the Chief of Engineers
11. SPONSOR / MONITOR'S REPORT
Washington, DC
NUMBER(S)
12. DISTRIBUTION / AVAILABILITY STATEMENT
Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.
Available from NTIS, Springfield, Virginia 22161.
13. SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES
14. ABSTRACT
Large-scale natural or technological disasters often require some level of government response to mitigate their effects. U.S. Army Corps of
Engineers response actions may occur under Public Law 84-99 authorizing the Chief of Engineers to activate the Corps for emergency flood
control and coastal shore protection or under P.L. 93-288 as work for the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA). Regardless of
the type of disaster, rapid image acquisition and analysis is an important initial source of information that can detail conditions over a wide
area. The time interval (a few hours to a few days) during which imagery provides added value is exceptionally limited, because once
ground observations are reliably available, the imagery only provides duplicate information. Therefore, a test was developed to evaluate
how quickly proxy hurricane damage imagery could be acquired with an airborne sensor and orthorectified into digital products that could
be posted on an FTP site for the Corps of Engineers. Emerge, a company with sensors in the US, was tasked to acquire imagery with multiple
ground sampling distances (GSDs) to determine the optimal pixel size for determining both cover on roofing and visibility of underlying
rafters at new house construction sites and broad-leaf/narrow-leaf tree types in Lakeland, Florida. Emerge was also tasked to keep their
response time interval within 12 hours from start of image acquisition to a finished geographic information system (GIS)-compatible
product. The results were as follows: (1) Individual roof rafters were always distinguishable with 8-in. GSD and often with 1-ft GSD. (2)
Wood covering vs. tarpaper and/or shingles was always visible with 1-ft and 8-in. GSD, and often with 2-ft GSD. (3) Neither spatial nor
spectral analysis methods yielded tree type information, with the exception of palm trees. (4) Emerge demonstrated its capability to mount
an emergency response collection from image acquisition to production of orthorectified frames within the 12-hr time frame.
15. SUBJECT TERMS
Airborne remote sensing
Emergency management
New sensors
8-inch GSD
Exposed rafters
16. SECURITY CLASSIFICATION OF:
17. LIMITATION OF
18. NUMBER
19a. NAME OF RESPONSIBLE PERSON
OF ABSTRACT
OF PAGES
a. REPORT
b. ABSTRACT
c. THIS PAGE
19b. TELEPHONE NUMBER (include area code)
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34
Standard Form 298 (Rev. 8-98)
Prescribed by ANSI Std. 239.18
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