Table 5. Strength gain of mortar cured at various temperatures for 14 days, then at 20C for 21 days.
20C
5C
Days
Days
Mix
7
14
35
Mix
7
14
35
1
80.1
91.6
100.0
1
7.3
10.8
45.0
2
64.1
66.0
74.3
2
26.5
33.4
47.0
3
82.5
91.0
101.4
3
31.3
49.2
75.5
4
2.0
2.3
3.0
4
2.7
2.7
3.4
5
3.8
4.2
95.3
5
1.3
1.7
2.8
6
60.5
63.4
71.7
6
32.2
39.2
68.8
7
55.8
62.2
79.8
7
32.2
45.5
68.5
8
100.3
116.1
130.8
8
73.1
76.3
128.2
9
136.2
149.1
166.8
9
78.8
101.8
172.2
10C
20C
Days
Days
Mix
7
14
35
Mix
7
14
35
1
1.7
2.9
41.9
1
0.0
0.6
68.0
2
16.4
22.4
39.7
2
0.0
0.0
62.0
3
15.6
27.4
58.4
3
0.0
0.2
82.6
4
0.0
0.6
3.7
4
0.0
0.0
4.1
5
1.1
1.6
3.4
5
0.5
0.5
6.8
6
16.3
18.5
45.7
6
0.5
0.7
51.2
7
11.4
18.8
40.3
7
1.7
2.5
45.7
8
32.2
47.6
111.8
8
5.0
6.7
116.0
9
28.0
55.5
155.6
9
4.4
7.3
151.9
cements, but on other cements as well. Appendix A
ASTM (1997a) C 33-86, Standard specification for
provides insight into other types of cements.
concrete aggregates. In Annual Book of ASTM Stan-
dards, section 4, volume 4.02. Philadelphia: American
Society for Testing and Materials.
LITERATURE CITED
ASTM (1997b) C 39-96, Standard practice for use of
unbonded caps in determination of compressive
ACI (1988) Cold Weather Concreting. ACI 306-88.
strength of hardened concrete cylinders. In Annual Book
Detroit, Michigan: American Concrete Institute.
of ASTM Standards, section 4, volume 4.02. Philadel-
ASTM (1981) C 403-80, Standard test method for time
phia: American Society for Testing and Materials.
of setting of concrete mixtures by penetration resistance.
ASTM (1997c) C 494, Standard specification for
In Annual Book of ASTM Standards, section 14. Phila-
chemical admixtures for concrete. In Annual Book of
delphia: American Society for Testing and Materials.
ASTM Standards, volume 4.02. Philadelphia: Ameri-
ASTM (1989a) C 109-88, Standard test method for
can Society for Testing and Materials.
compressive strength of hydraulic cement mortars (us-
ASTM (1997d) C 1231-93, Standard test method for
ing 2-in. or 50-mm cube specimens). In Annual Book
compressive strength of cylindrical concrete specimens.
of ASTM Standards, section 4, volume 4.01. Philadel-
In Annual Book of ASTM Standards, section 4, volume
phia: American Society for Testing and Materials.
4.02. Philadelphia: American Society for Testing and
ASTM (1989b) C 305-87, Standard practice for me-
Materials.
chanical mixing of hydraulic cement pastes and mor-
Korhonen, C.J., and J.W. Brook (1996) Freezing tem-
tars of plastic consistency. In Annual Book of ASTM
perature protection admixture for portland cement con-
Standards, section 4, volume 4.01. Philadelphia: Ameri-
crete. U.S. Army Cold Regions Research and Engineer-
can Society for Testing and Materials.
ing Laboratory, Special Report 9628.
7
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