Form Approved
REPORT DOCUMENTATION PAGE
OMB No. 0704-0188
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1. AGENCY USE ONLY (Leave blank)
2. REPORT DATE
3. REPORT TYPE AND DATES COVERED
June 1998
4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE
5. FUNDING NUMBERS
Soil-Vapor Versus Discrete Soil Sample Measurements
for VOCS in the Near-Surface Vadose Zone:
Feasibility Study
6. AUTHORS
Alan D. Hewitt
7. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES)
8. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION
REPORT NUMBER
U.S. Army Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory
72 Lyme Road
Special Report 98-7
Hanover, New Hampshire 03755-1290
9. SPONSORING/MONITORING AGENCY NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES)
10. SPONSORING/MONITORING
AGENCY REPORT NUMBER
U.S. Army Corps of Engineers
Waterways Experiment Station
Vicksburg, Mississippi
For conversion of SI units to non-SI units of measurement consult Standard Practice for Use of the
11. SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES
International System of Units (SI), ASTM Standard E380-93, published by the American Society for Testing and Materials,
1916 Race St., Philadelphia, Pa. 19103.
12a. DISTRIBUTION/AVAILABILITY STATEMENT
12b. DISTRIBUTION CODE
Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.
Available from NTIS, Springfield, Virginia 22161.
13. ABSTRACT (Maximum 200 words)
Soil vapor samples were taken from 1 m beneath the ground surface at 16 different locations. Measured
trichloroethene (TCE) in these samples was compared to that obtained for a collocated sample of the soil matrix.
The linear slope (0.806) and strong correlation (r2 = 0.950) obtained for this comparison of soil vapor (mg TCE/L)
to soil mass (mg TCE/kg) concentrations are in good agreement with recent theoretical and empirical models for
this volatile organic compound (VOC) in a low organic carbon soil matrix. This strong relationship suggests that
active soil-vapor measurements could be used as an alternative to collecting and analyzing discrete soil samples
for establishing both the presence and concentration of VOCs during site characterization and monitoring.
Moreover, the techniques and instruments described here are robust, simple to use, and designed to enhance the
reliability of soil-gas surveys to characterize vadose zone VOC contamination.
14. SUBJECT TERMS
15. NUMBER OF PAGES
13
Active probe
Soil vapor
Volatile organic compounds
16. PRICE CODE
17. SECURITY CLASSIFICATION
18. SECURITY CLASSIFICATION
19. SECURITY CLASSIFICATION
20. LIMITATION OF ABSTRACT
OF REPORT
OF THIS PAGE
OF ABSTRACT
UNCLASSIFIED
UNCLASSIFIED
UNCLASSIFIED
UL
Standard Form 298 (Rev. 2-89)
NSN 7540-01-280-5500
Prescribed by ANSI Std. Z39-18
298-102
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