Form Approved
REPORT DOCUMENTATION PAGE
OMB No. 0704-0188
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1. AGENCY USE ONLY (Leave blank)
2. REPORT DATE
3. REPORT TYPE AND DATES COVERED
August 1997
4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE
5. FUNDING NUMBERS
Ground Freezing Effects on Soil Erosion on Army Training Lands
Part 1: Initial Test Results
6. AUTHORS
Lawrence W. Gatto
7. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES)
8. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION
REPORT NUMBER
U.S. Army Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory
72 Lyme Road
Special Report 97-15
Hanover, New Hampshire 03755-1290
9. SPONSORING/MONITORING AGENCY NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES)
10. SPONSORING/MONITORING
AGENCY REPORT NUMBER
Office of the Chief of Engineers
Washington, D.C. 20314-1000
For conversion of SI units to non-SI units of measurement consult Standard Practice for Use of the
11. SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES
International System of Units (SI), ASTM Standard E380-93, published by the American Society for Testing and Materials,
1916 Race St., Philadelphia, Pa. 19103.
12a. DISTRIBUTION/AVAILABILITY STATEMENT
12b. DISTRIBUTION CODE
Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.
Available from NTIS, Springfield, Virginia 22161.
13. ABSTRACT (Maximum 200 words)
Military maneuvers damage vegetation and compact and rut soils on training lands, thereby increasing the
likelihood of hillslope runoff and soil erosion. Soil FreezeThaw (FT) processes can change the hydraulic
geometry and roughness of vehicular ruts and reduce soil compaction, which often partially restores the water
infiltration rate that existed before compaction. The efficiency of these FT-induced "repairs" depends on soil
water content and FT intensity. Initial tests showed that 1) an experimental soil bin designed and constructed
for rut experiments allows acceptable simulation of field soil FT, and 2) the hydraulic geometry of a rectangu-
lar rill in a fine silt soil with an initial volumetric water content of 36% changes dramatically due to rill sides-
lope slumping during thaw. Future experiments will compare differences in the response of natural rills and
vehicular ruts to FT-induced soil failure, and investigate the effects of FT on soil erodibility and the influences
of snow cover on soil erosion processes in the spring.
14. SUBJECT TERMS
15. NUMBER OF PAGES
39
Cross-sectional geometry
Rills
Tire ruts
Freezethaw
Runoff
16. PRICE CODE
Hydraulic radius
Soil erosion
17. SECURITY CLASSIFICATION
18. SECURITY CLASSIFICATION
19. SECURITY CLASSIFICATION
20. LIMITATION OF ABSTRACT
OF REPORT
OF THIS PAGE
OF ABSTRACT
UNCLASSIFIED
UNCLASSIFIED
UNCLASSIFIED
UL
Standard Form 298 (Rev. 2-89)
NSN 7540-01-280-5500
Prescribed by ANSI Std. Z39-18
298-102
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