Form Approved
REPORT DOCUMENTATION PAGE
OMB No. 0704-0188
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1. AGENCY USE ONLY (Leave blank)
2. REPORT DATE
3. REPORT TYPE AND DATES COVERED
April 1997
4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE
5. FUNDING NUMBERS
Developing New Low-Temperature Admixtures for Concrete:
A Field Evaluation
6. AUTHORS
Charles Korhohen, Brian Charest, and Kurt Romisch
7. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES)
8. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION
REPORT NUMBER
U.S. Army Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory
72 Lyme Road
Special Report 97-9
Hanover, New Hampshire 03755-1290
9. SPONSORING/MONITORING AGENCY NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES)
10. SPONSORING/MONITORING
AGENCY REPORT NUMBER
Office of the Chief of Engineers
Washington, D.C. 20314-1000
11. SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES
For conversion of SI units to non-SI units of measurement consult Standard Practice for Use of the International System of Units (SI),
ASTM Standard E380-93, published by the American Society for Testing and Materials, 1916 Race St., Philadelphia, Pa. 19103.
12a. DISTRIBUTION/AVAILABILITY STATEMENT
12b. DISTRIBUTION CODE
Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.
Available from NTIS, Springfield, Virginia 22161.
13. ABSTRACT (Maximum 200 words)
Two new admixtures, capable of preventing water from freezing, as well as increasing the hydration rate of
cement at below-freezing temperatures, were field tested at Sault Ste. Marie, Michigan. Concrete made with
the admixtures was placed on a frozen subgrade during a cold winter day and was allowed to cure thermally,
unprotected in the cold. Comparison to control concrete placed inside a heated shelter showed that the unpro-
tected, admixtured concrete was equal to the control in strength and appearance. Work is continuing on the
development of these admixtures for commercial use.
14. SUBJECT TERMS
15. NUMBER OF PAGES
13
Antifreeze admixture
Freezethaw
Cold-weather concrete
Winter construction
16. PRICE CODE
17. SECURITY CLASSIFICATION
18. SECURITY CLASSIFICATION
19. SECURITY CLASSIFICATION
20. LIMITATION OF ABSTRACT
OF REPORT
OF THIS PAGE
OF ABSTRACT
UNCLASSIFIED
UNCLASSIFIED
UNCLASSIFIED
UL
Standard Form 298 (Rev. 2-89)
NSN 7540-01-280-5500
Prescribed by ANSI Std. Z39-18
298-102
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