Form Approved
REPORT DOCUMENTATION PAGE
OMB No. 0704-0188
Public reporting burden for this collection of information is estimated to average 1 hour per response, including the time for reviewing instructions, searching existing data sources, gathering and maintaining the
data needed, and completing and reviewing this collection of information. Send comments regarding this burden estimate or any other aspect of this collection of information, including suggestions for reducing
this burden to Department of Defense, Washington Headquarters Services, Directorate for Information Operations and Reports (0704-0188), 1215 Jefferson Davis Highway, Suite 1204, Arlington, VA 22202-4302.
Respondents should be aware that notwithstanding any other provision of law, no person shall be subject to any penalty for failing to comply with a collection of information if it does not display a currently valid
OMB control number. PLEASE DO NOT RETURN YOUR FORM TO THE ABOVE ADDRESS.
1. REPORT DATE (DD-MM-YY)
2. REPORT TYPE
3. DATES COVERED (From - To)
September 2004
Special Report
4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE
5a. CONTRACT NUMBER
5b. GRANT NUMBER
Fast All-season Soil STrength (FASST)
5c. PROGRAM ELEMENT NUMBER
6. AUTHOR(S)
5d. PROJECT NUMBER
5e. TASK NUMBER
Susan Frankenstein and George G. Koenig
5f. WORK UNIT NUMBER
7. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES)
8. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION REPORT
U.S. Army Engineer Research and Development Center
Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory
72 Lyme Road
ERDC/CRREL SR-04-1
Hanover, NH 03755-1290
9. SPONSORING/MONITORING AGENCY NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES)
10. SPONSOR / MONITOR'S ACRONYM(S)
U.S. Army Corps of Engineers
11. SPONSOR / MONITOR'S REPORT
Washington, DC 20314-1000
NUMBER(S)
12. DISTRIBUTION / AVAILABILITY STATEMENT
Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.
Available from NTIS, Springfield, Virginia 22161.
13. SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES
14. ABSTRACT
The ability to predict the state of the ground is essential to manned and unmanned vehicle mobility and personnel movement, as well as
determining sensor performance for both military and civilian activities. As part of the Army's Battlespace Terrain Reasoning and Aware-
ness research program, the 1-D dynamic state of the ground model FASST (Fast All-season Soil STrength) was developed. It calculates the
ground's moisture content, ice content, temperature, and freeze/thaw profiles, as well as soil strength and surface ice and snow accumula-
tion/depletion. The fundamental operations of FASST are the calculation of an energy and water budget that quantifies both the flow of
heat and moisture within the soil and also the exchange of heat and moisture at all interfaces (ground/air or ground/snow; snow/air) using
both meteorological and terrain data. FASST is designed to accommodate a range of users, from those who have intricate knowledge of
their site to those who know only the site location. It allows for 22 different terrain materials, including asphalt, concrete, bedrock,
permanent snow, and the USCS soil types. At a minimum, the only weather information required is air temperature.
15. SUBJECT TERMS
Freeze/thaw
Soil moisture
Ground temperature
Soil strength
Snow depth
Surface icing
16. SECURITY CLASSIFICATION OF:
17. LIMITATION OF
18. NUMBER
19a. NAME OF RESPONSIBLE PERSON
OF ABSTRACT
OF PAGES
a. REPORT
b. ABSTRACT
c. THIS PAGE
19b. TELEPHONE NUMBER (include area code)
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106
Standard Form 298 (Rev. 8-98)
Prescribed by ANSI Std. 239.18
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