Alaska
Key Straits in Russian Arctic Seas G R E E N L A N D
Bering
S
A K atochkin Shar
B
ea
C hS k c h i
u
C Yara Gate (Karskiye Vorota)
ea
D Sugorskiy Shar
Provideniya
E Bhokal'skogo
Wrangel
I
ORT
F Sorisa Vil'kitskogo
s.
S Mys
G Dannikova
hmidta
H L mitriya Lapteva
OL
H
M ng (Longa)
o
Pevek
ARCTIC
OCEAN
S East
a d yr
NORWAY
iberian
S
Novosibirskiy
I
ea
slands
60
SWEDEN
F
Severnaya
Z
90
emlya
B aS e n t s
r
In
Novaya
Z
E Laptev
e
Riv
S
ea
emlya
A
ea
FINLAND
D
G
Murmansk
Magadan
Kolguyev
I
iver
C
Cape
s.
Kara Sea
Tiksi
C
St. Petersburg
helyuskin
Nordvik
r
B
Dikson
Arkhangel'sk
Khatanga
r
ek
O ea of
S
Dudinka
River
khotsk
Salekhard
Noril'sk
0
500
Yakutsk
E
Yamburg
CL
Igarka
IR
C
Nautical Miles
R
IC
ARCT
0
1000
R
U
S
S
I
A
Kilometers
Figure 1. The Russian Arctic.
Alaska
M
Coastal Route
GREENLAND
Bering
S
T id Route
ea
Oransit Route
C hS k c h i
u
ver-the Pole Route
ea
Provideniya
TH
P
S Mys
hmidta
Pevek
ARCTIC
OCEAN
st
S
Ea
an
a d yr
NORWAY
ri
b ee a
Si S
60
SWEDEN
0
12
90
In
Barents
Laptev
e
Riv
Sea
FINLAND
Murmansk
ea
Magadan
Kara Sea
iver
Tiksi
St. Petersburg
Nordvik
r
Dikson
Arkhangel'sk
Khatanga
O ea of
S
r
ek
Dudinka
khotsk
River
Salekhard
Noril'sk
0
500
LE
Yakutsk
Yamburg
RC
Igarka
CI
Nautical Miles
R
IC
ARCT
0
1000
R
U
S
S
I
A
Kilometers
Figure 2. The various Northern Sea Route options.
into the Commonwealth of Independent States
inexperience with free enterprise and reductions
(CIS). One way to address these problems may lie
in state subsidies have resulted in unemployment
in the Commonwealth's ability to stimulate do-
and excess capacity in all sectors of the economy,
mestic growth and attract foreign trade. Although
including the Arctic marine transportation system.
it is fortunate that authority over the entire NSR
Historically, the USSR claimed that crucial sec-
transferred intact to the new Russian Federation,
tions of the Northern Sea Route passed through
2