Form Approved
REPORT DOCUMENTATION PAGE
OMB No. 0704-0188
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1. AGENCY USE ONLY (Leave blank)
2. REPORT DATE
3. REPORT TYPE AND DATES COVERED
November 1995
4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE
5. FUNDING NUMBERS
Persistence of White Phosphorus Particles in Sediment
6. AUTHORS
Marianne E. Walsh, Charles M. Collins and Charles H. Racine
7. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES)
8. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION
REPORT NUMBER
U.S. Army Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory
72 Lyme Road
CRREL Report 95-23
Hanover, New Hampshire 03755-1290
9. SPONSORING/MONITORING AGENCY NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES)
10. SPONSORING/MONITORING
AGENCY REPORT NUMBER
U.S. Army Environmental Center
Aberdeen Proving Ground, Maryland
11. SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES
For conversion of SI units to non-SI units of measurement consult Standard Practice for Use of the International System of Units (SI),
ASTM Standard E380-93, published by the American Society for Testing and Materials, 1916 Race St., Philadelphia, Pa. 19103.
12a. DISTRIBUTION/AVAILABILITY STATEMENT
12b. DISTRIBUTION CODE
Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.
Available from NTIS, Springfield, Virginia 22161.
13. ABSTRACT (Maximum 200 words)
Remediation of sediments at Eagle River Flats, a salt marsh contaminated with particles of white phospho-
rus (P4), may require severe alterations of the wetland by dredging, draining or covering. However, some
sediments may undergo decontamination naturally in areas that are seasonally exposed to air. To predict the
persistence of white phosphorus particles in sediments, a literature review was conducted for the physical
and chemical properties of white phosphorus. The persistence of millimeter-size white phosphorus particles
was studied by laboratory and field experiments. White phosphorus particles were found to be persistent in-
definitely in saturated sediments. In unsaturated sediments, loss was rapid (within 24 hours) at 20C and re-
tarded by low temperatures.
14. SUBJECT TERMS
15. NUMBER OF PAGES
52
Sediment
16. PRICE CODE
Eagle River Flats
White phosphorus
17. SECURITY CLASSIFICATION
18. SECURITY CLASSIFICATION
19. SECURITY CLASSIFICATION
20. LIMITATION OF ABSTRACT
OF REPORT
OF THIS PAGE
OF ABSTRACT
UNCLASSIFIED
UNCLASSIFIED
UNCLASSIFIED
UL
Standard Form 298 (Rev. 2-89)
NSN 7540-01-280-5500
Prescribed by ANSI Std. Z39-18
298-102
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