Form Approved
REPORT DOCUMENTATION PAGE
OMB No. 0704-0188
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OMB control number. PLEASE DO NOT RETURN YOUR FORM TO THE ABOVE ADDRESS.
1. REPORT DATE (DD-MM-YY)
2. REPORT TYPE
3. DATES COVERED (From - To)
August 2002
Technical Report
4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE
5a. CONTRACT NUMBER
5b. GRANT NUMBER
Study of Five Discrete Interval-Type
5c. PROGRAM ELEMENT NUMBER
6. AUTHOR(S)
5d. PROJECT NUMBER
5e. TASK NUMBER
Louise V. Parker and Charles H. Clark
5f. WORK UNIT NUMBER
7. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES)
8. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION REPORT
NUMBER
U.S. Army Engineer Research and Development Center
Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory
72 Lyme Road
ERDC/CRREL TR-02-12
Hanover, NH 03755-1290
9. SPONSORING/MONITORING AGENCY NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES)
10. SPONSOR / MONITOR'S ACRONYM(S)
U.S. Army Environmental Center
11. SPONSOR / MONITOR'S REPORT
Aberdeen Proving Ground
NUMBER(S)
Aberdeen, MD 21010-5401
SFIM-AEC-PC-CR-2002036
12. DISTRIBUTION / AVAILABILITY STATEMENT
Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.
Available from NTIS, Springfield, Virginia 22161.
13. SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES
14. ABSTRACT
Five relatively newly developed groundwater-sampling devices (the Kabis, HydraSleeve, Discrete Interval, PneumoBailer, and USGS Passive Diffusion Bag [PDB] sam-
plers) were tested to determine their ability to recover representative concentrations of a variety of analytes, including volatile organics, explosives, pesticides, and metals. The
first phase of the study included several standpipe experiments with known concentrations of analytes. In the second phase, the devices were used in the field to sample TCE
from a deep well and were compared with samples taken using low-flow sampling.
We found that the PDB sampler was the easiest device to use but should be used only for selected VOCs. The HydraSleeve and the Kabis Sampler are thief-type samplers
that were also relatively easy to use. Although these devices could produce representative concentrations of explosives, pesticides, and metals in the standpipe experiments,
they elevated the turbidity in our monitoring well. Therefore, we would recommend that their use be limited to wells where the turbidity is not affected by their use, especially
if sampling for metals or the more hydrophobic organic contaminants. In addition, there were small but statistically significant losses of some VOCs with the HydraSleeve in
the standpipe studies (<5%) and of TCE in the field study (11%). Concentrations of VOCs taken with the Kabis Sampler did not show a substantial and consistent bias in either
direction, except for the low-level study where loss of TCE was substantial, 18%. In the field study, loss of TCE was small (<8%) with this device and not statistically
significant.
The Discrete Interval Sampler and PneumoBailer are pressurized thief-type devices that are designed to collect a sample when activated. The PneumoBailer was heavy
and awkward to handle, required taking a nitrogen tank into the field, and was difficult to operate. The Discrete Interval Sampler required only a bicycle pump to pressurize the
chamber, was smaller and lighter in weight, and easier to handle and operate than its counterpart. Both devices generally delivered representative concentrations of all the
analytes tested in the standpipe experiments. Although loss of TCE was statistically significant for the Discrete Interval Sampler in the field study, loss was very small (<5%).
15. SUBJECT TERMS
Discrete Interval Sampler
Groundwater samplers
HydraSleeve
Passive diffusion bag samplers
Discrete interval samplers
Groundwater sampling
Kabis Sampler
Pneumo-Bailer
16. SECURITY CLASSIFICATION OF:
17. LIMITATION OF
18. NUMBER
19a. NAME OF RESPONSIBLE PERSON
OF ABSTRACT
OF PAGES
a. REPORT
b. ABSTRACT
c. THIS PAGE
19b. TELEPHONE NUMBER (include area code)
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Standard Form 298 (Rev. 8-98)
Prescribed by ANSI Std. 239.18