Abstract: Five relatively newly developed ground-
contaminants. In addition, there were small but
water-sampling devices (the Kabis, HydraSleeve,
statistically significant losses of some VOCs with
Discrete Interval, PneumoBailer, and USGS Pas-
the HydraSleeve in the standpipe studies (<5%)
sive Diffusion Bag [PDB] samplers) were tested
and of TCE in the field study (11%). Concentra-
to determine their ability to recover representative
tions of VOCs taken with the Kabis Sampler did
concentrations of a variety of analytes, including
not show a substantial and consistent bias in ei-
volatile organics, explosives, pesticides, and met-
ther direction, except for the low-level study where
als. The first phase of the study included several
loss of TCE was substantial, 18%. In the field study,
standpipe experiments with known concentrations
loss of TCE was small (<8%) with this device and
of analytes. In the second phase, the devices were
not statistically significant.
used in the field to sample TCE from a deep well
The Discrete Interval Sampler and Pneumo
and were compared with samples taken using low-
Bailer are pressurized thief-type devices that are
flow sampling.
designed to collect a sample when activated. The
We found that the PDB sampler was the easi-
PneumoBailer was heavy and awkward to
est device to use but should be used only for se-
handle, required taking a nitrogen tank into the
lected VOCs. The HydraSleeve and the Kabis
field, and was difficult to operate. The Discrete In-
Sampler are thief-type samplers that were also
terval Sampler required only a bicycle pump to
relatively easy to use. Although these devices
pressurize the chamber, was smaller and lighter
could produce representative concentrations of ex-
in weight, and easier to handle and operate than
plosives, pesticides, and metals in the standpipe
its counterpart. Both devices generally delivered
experiments, they elevated the turbidity in our
representative concentrations of all the analytes
monitoring well. Therefore, we would recommend
tested in the standpipe experiments. Although loss
that their use be limited to wells where the turbid-
of TCE was statistically significant for the Discrete
ity is not affected by their use, especially if sam-
Interval Sampler in the field study, loss was very
pling for metals or the more hydrophobic organic
small (<5%).
COVER: Kabis sampler
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