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Table 4. Toxicity of some herbicides and other common items
Techniques for establishing native plants on weed-infested lands
SR02-2
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ERDC/CRREL
SR-02-2
higher
the
organic
content of
soil,
the
higher
the
application
rate
that
should
be
used
because
the greater number of
microbes
in
high-organic
soil
will
break
down
the chemical faster.
Rainfall
helps plants
grow
and
can
wash
contact
herbicides
off
the
plant
and
carry
residuals
into
the
soil
and
plant
roots.
Mixing
order,
agitation
,
calibration
of
equipment,
weather, and
wind
are
all
important
considerations
for
successfully
applying
chemicals.
Temperature affects the
rate
of
plant
growth
and the
absorption
of residuals
from
the
soil;
high
temperatures
speed
up the
degradation
of
chemicals.
Modes
of
action
Herbicides
may
be
selective--affecting
only
certain
plants,
such
as
only
broadleaf
weeds
or
annual
grasses--or
non-selective.
Herbicides
primarily
affect
plant
growth
either
systemically--by
translocation
within
the
plant--or
by
direct
contact
with
a
specific
part
of the
plant,
such
as
foliage
or roots.
Some
herbicides
have a
residual
effect
in
that
they
will
persist
for
some
time
after
application
in-
stead
of
breaking
down
and
becoming
inert
soon
after
application.
Growth
regulator
herbicides
include
2,4-D
(phenoxy
acetic
acid)
2,4-DP
(phenoxy
propionic
acid)
dicamba
picolinic
acid
(picloram
or
triclopyr)
Photosynthetic
inhibitors
are
atrazine
(Aatrex)
simazine
(Princep)
prometon
(Pramitol)
hexazinone
(Velpar)
substituted
urea
(karmex/diuron)
substituted
uracil
(Hyvar
XL)
Aromatic
amino
acid
synthesis
is
inhibited
by glyphosates
(Roundup,
Rodeo,
Accord,
Dupont
Glyphosate
VMF).
Bud
development
is
inhibited
by fosamine
(Krenite
S).
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