APPENDIX A: LIST OF SYMBOLS
E0
radiance of the direct beam component of the incident radiation field
f
growth rate
F
irradiance
Fd
downwelling irradiance
Fu
upwelling irradiance
I
radiance
i0
fraction of incident irradiance transmitted through the top 0.1 m of the ice
Ir
reflected radiance
kb
absorption coefficient of brine
ki
absorption coefficient of ice
ksi
absorption coefficient of sea ice
N
real index of refraction
p(, ′, φ, φ′)
phase function
R
bidirectional reflectance distribution function (BRDF)
R0
normalized reflected radiance at nadir
S
source function
T
transmittance
x
horizontal position
z
depth within the medium
α
albedo
αt
wavelength-integrated, or total, albedo
φ
azimuth angle
φ0
solar azimuth angle
κ
extinction coefficient
κt
wavelength-integrated, or total, extinction coefficients
λ
wavelength
νs
volume fraction of ice
νb
volume fraction of brine
θ
zenith angle (0 pointing downward, π pointing upward)
θ0
solar zenith angle
cosine of the zenith angle, θ
ρ
density
σ
scattering coefficient
τ
nondimensional optical depth
ϖ0
single scattering albedo
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