Form Approved
REPORT DOCUMENTATION PAGE
OMB No. 0704-0188
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1. AGENCY USE ONLY (Leave blank)
2. REPORT DATE
3. REPORT TYPE AND DATES COVERED
February 1995
4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE
5. FUNDING NUMBERS
A Modeling-Based Evaluation of the Effect of Wastewater Application
#E8591S048
Practices on Groundwater Quality
PE: 6.11.02A
6. AUTHORS
PR: 4A161102AT24
Charles M. Reynolds and Iskandar K. Iskandar
TA: SS
WU: 020
7. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES)
8. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION
REPORT NUMBER
U.S. Army Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory
72 Lyme Road
CRREL Report 95-2
Hanover, New Hampshire 03755-1290
9. SPONSORING/MONITORING AGENCY NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES)
10. SPONSORING/MONITORING
AGENCY REPORT NUMBER
Office of the Chief of Engineers
Washington, D.C. 20314-1000
11. SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES
12a. DISTRIBUTION/AVAILABILITY STATEMENT
12b. DISTRIBUTION CODE
Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.
Available from NTIS, Springfield, Virginia 22161
13. ABSTRACT (Maximum 200 words)
The model WASTEN was used to compare several nitrogen input scenarios and to predict the levels of nitrate in
groundwater for a proposed wastewater treatment facility at Fort Dix, New Jersey. The primary variables tested
were input concentration of NO3-N (nitrate nitrogen) and NH4-N (ammonium nitrogen) and long-term applica-
tion of wastewater. Two NO3-N loading rates, 4 and 10 mg NO3-N/L, were tested for 168-day simulations. The
system's response was estimated from the NO3-N concentration in water draining below 150 cm. For both input
NO3-N concentrations, the predicted NO3-N concentrations in the leachate below 150 cm were less than 2 mg
NO3-N/L. The initial NO3-N in the soil profile represented typical background levels for this site. The final
NO3-N in the soil profile was affected by both denitrification and leaching. The initial NH4-N in the simulated
soil profile was equal to the extractable NH4-N from soil samples taken at the Fort Dix site. Because a portion of
the extractable NH4-N exists as exchangeable rather than solution NH4-N, the soil profile values for the solution
NH4-N used in the simulation were greater than actual soil solution values would be. Moreover, by adjusting
model coefficients, all the initial NH4-N was forced to leach in the model simulations rather than be subjected to
nitrification, denitrification, immobilization or plant uptake. Due to the retardation effects on NH4-N mobility
caused by soil-ion sorption, the NH4-N leaching was distributed over an extended time rather than moving
rapidly below the unsaturated zone. With these assumptions, the WASTEN model predicted that the NO3-N at
14. SUBJECT TERMS
15. NUMBER OF PAGES
40
Groundwater
Wastewater modeling
16. PRICE CODE
Nitrogen
Wastewater treatment
4219. SECURITY CLASSIFICATION
17. SECURITY CLASSIFICATION
18. SECURITY CLASSIFICATION
20. LIMITATION OF ABSTRACT
OF REPORT
OF THIS PAGE
OF ABSTRACT
UNCLASSIFIED
UNCLASSIFIED
UNCLASSIFIED
UL
Standard Form 298 (Rev. 2-89)
NSN 7540-01-280-5500
Prescribed by ANSI Std. Z39-18
298-102
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